EIN (Tax ID): When You Need One and How to Apply

An EIN (Employer Identification Number) is your business's tax ID number. It's free to obtain and essential for banking, taxes, and hiring.

What Is an EIN?

An EIN (Employer Identification Number) is a 9-digit number assigned by the IRS to identify your business for tax purposes. It's also called a:

• Tax ID Number
• Federal Tax ID
• Federal Employer Identification Number (FEIN)

Think of it as a Social Security Number for your business. While individuals use SSNs, businesses use EINs to identify themselves to the IRS, banks, and other entities.

When You Need an EIN

Your LLC needs an EIN if you:

• Have employees or plan to hire
• Have multiple members (multi-member LLC)
• Choose to be taxed as a corporation (S-Corp or C-Corp election)
• File employment, excise, or alcohol/tobacco/firearms tax returns
• Withhold taxes on non-wage payments to non-resident aliens
• Have a Keogh plan

Even if not technically required, you should get an EIN if you want to:

• Open a business bank account (most banks require it)
• Keep your SSN private (use EIN instead on forms)
• Establish business credit
• Work with certain vendors who require a tax ID

How to Apply for an EIN

Online (Recommended)

If you have an SSN or ITIN, apply online at IRS.gov:

1. Go to the IRS EIN Assistant
2. Select "Limited Liability Company" as the entity type
3. Provide your LLC information
4. Enter your SSN or ITIN
5. Receive your EIN immediately upon completion

Online application is available Monday-Friday, 7am-10pm Eastern time.

By Fax

Complete Form SS-4 and fax to the IRS. You'll receive your EIN within 4-7 business days. This method is often used by international applicants without SSNs.

By Mail

Mail Form SS-4 to the IRS. Processing takes 4-6 weeks. Not recommended due to slow processing.

By Phone

International applicants can call the IRS at (267) 941-1099 (not toll-free). Be prepared for long wait times.

Getting an EIN Without an SSN

International founders without a Social Security Number can still get an EIN. You cannot use the online application, but you can:

1. Apply by fax (fastest method, 4-7 business days)
2. Apply by phone (if you can reach the IRS)
3. Apply by mail (4-6 weeks)

For detailed instructions, see our guide on getting an EIN without SSN.

Using Your EIN

Once you have your EIN, use it for:

• Opening business bank accounts
• Filing tax returns (business and employment)
• Completing W-9 forms for clients and vendors
• Hiring employees (payroll tax reporting)
• Applying for business licenses and permits
• Building business credit

Keep your EIN confirmation letter (CP 575 or 147C) in a safe place. You'll need it when opening bank accounts or if your EIN needs to be verified.

Frequently Asked Questions